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61.25em){.menu-item__title{font-size:1rem;letter-spacing:0.01875rem;line-height:1.125rem;padding-bottom:0.5625rem;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;padding-top:0.1875rem}}.menu-item__title:hover,.menu-item__title:focus{text-decoration:none}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-item__title:hover,.menu-item__title:focus{color:#00d4ff}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-item__title:focus{text-decoration:underline}}.menu-item__title>*{pointer-events:none}@media (max-width: 61.24em){.menu-group--primary>*:not(:last-child)>.menu-item__title:not([aria-expanded='true']):after,.menu-item__title[data-link-name='nav2 : the guardian app']:not([aria-expanded='true']):after,.menu-item__title[data-link-name='nav2 : facebook']:not([aria-expanded='true']):after{background-color:#00385a;bottom:0;content:'';display:block;height:0.0625rem;left:3.125rem;position:absolute;width:100%}}@media (max-width: 61.24em) and (min-width: 46.25em){.menu-group--primary>*:not(:last-child)>.menu-item__title:not([aria-expanded='true']):after,.menu-item__title[data-link-name='nav2 : the guardian app']:not([aria-expanded='true']):after,.menu-item__title[data-link-name='nav2 : facebook']:not([aria-expanded='true']):after{left:3.75rem}}@media (max-width: 61.24em){.menu-item__title[data-link-name='nav2 : the guardian app'],.menu-item__title[data-link-name='nav2 : facebook']{margin-top:1.5rem}.menu-item__title[data-link-name='nav2 : the guardian app']:after,.menu-item__title[data-link-name='nav2 : facebook']:after{bottom:auto;top:0}}.menu-group--primary>.menu-item>.menu-item__title{font-size:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1rem;padding-top:0.375rem}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-group--primary>.menu-item>.menu-item__title{font-size:2rem}}.menu-group--editions .menu-item__title[aria-haspopup='true']{margin-bottom:0.75rem}.menu-group--editions .menu-item__title[aria-haspopup='true'][aria-expanded='true']{margin-bottom:0}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-group--membership .menu-item__title{color:#ffffff}.menu-group--membership .menu-item__title:hover,.menu-group--membership .menu-item__title:focus{color:#00d4ff}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-group--editions .menu-item__title{background-color:#005689;color:#aad8f1;display:block;font-size:0.9375rem;height:2.625rem;border-radius:50%;line-height:2.625rem;margin-right:0.3125rem;padding:0;text-align:center;width:2.625rem}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-group--editions .menu-item__title:hover,.menu-group--editions .menu-item__title:focus{background-color:#00639d;color:#ffffff}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-item--edition-active .menu-item__title,.menu-item--edition-active .menu-item__title:hover,.menu-item--edition-active .menu-item__title:focus{background-color:#aad8f1;color:#00456e}}.menu-item__icon,.menu-item__toggle{color:#197caa;left:1.5625rem;position:absolute}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.menu-item__icon,.menu-item__toggle{left:2.1875rem}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-item__icon,.menu-item__toggle{display:none}}.menu-item__toggle{margin-top:-0.25rem}[aria-expanded='true']>.menu-item__toggle{margin-top:0.125rem}.menu-item__toggle:before{border:0.125rem solid currentColor;border-top:0;border-left:0;content:'';display:inline-block;height:0.5rem;-ms-transform:rotate(45deg);transform:rotate(45deg);width:0.5rem}[aria-expanded='true']>.menu-item__toggle:before{-ms-transform:rotate(-135deg);transform:rotate(-135deg)}.menu-item__icon{margin-left:-0.1875rem}.menu-item__icon .inline-icon__svg{fill:currentColor}.menu-item__icon .inline-home__svg{height:1rem;width:1rem}.menu-item__icon .inline-share-facebook__svg,.menu-item__icon .inline-share-twitter__svg{margin-left:-0.375rem;margin-top:-0.3125rem}.menu-item__editions-label{color:#ffffff;font-size:1rem;line-height:2.625rem;margin-right:0.625rem}.menu-search{box-sizing:border-box;display:block;margin-left:0.8125rem;max-width:23.75rem;position:relative;width:100%}@media (max-width: 61.24em){.menu-search{margin-bottom:1.5rem;margin-right:2.9375rem}}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.menu-search{margin-left:1.375rem}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-search{margin-bottom:1.5rem;margin-left:0;margin-top:1.5rem;max-width:none;padding-right:0}}.menu-search__search-box{background-color:#005689;border:0;border-radius:62.5rem;box-sizing:border-box;font-size:1.25rem;height:2.25rem;padding-left:2.375rem;vertical-align:middle;width:100%}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-search__search-box{height:2.625rem;padding-left:3rem;font-size:1.5rem}.menu-search__search-box:hover{background:#00639d}}.menu-search__search-box::placeholder{color:#aad8f1}.menu-search__search-box:focus{background-color:#ffffff;color:#333;outline:none;padding-right:2.5rem;transition:background-color 500ms}.menu-search__search-box:focus::placeholder{color:#bdbdbd}.menu-search__glass{position:absolute;left:0.625rem;top:0.4375rem}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-search__glass{left:0.75rem;top:0.625rem}}.menu-search__glass .inline-search-36__svg{fill:#4bc6df;height:1.375rem;width:1.375rem}.menu-search__search-box:focus ~ .menu-search__glass .inline-search-36__svg{fill:#767676}.menu-search__submit{background:transparent;border:0;bottom:0;cursor:pointer;display:block;opacity:0;pointer-events:none;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;width:3.125rem}.menu-search__submit:before,.menu-search__submit:after{border:0.125rem solid #005689;border-left:0;border-top:0;content:'';display:block;position:absolute;right:0.875rem}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-search__submit:before,.menu-search__submit:after{right:1rem}}.menu-search__submit:before{height:0.75rem;top:0.6875rem;-ms-transform:rotate(-45deg);transform:rotate(-45deg);width:0.75rem}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-search__submit:before{top:0.875rem}}.menu-search__submit:after{border-right:0;top:1.0625rem;width:1.25rem}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.menu-search__submit:after{top:1.25rem}}.menu-search__submit:hover,.menu-search__submit:active{border-color:#005689}.menu-search__submit:focus:before,.menu-search__submit:focus:after{border-color:#ffffff}.menu-search__search-box:focus ~ .menu-search__submit,.menu-search__submit:focus,.menu-search__submit:active{opacity:1;outline:none;pointer-events:all}.menu-user{display:flex;flex-direction:row;padding-top:0.25rem}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.menu-user{flex-direction:column;margin-bottom:0.25rem}}@media (min-width: 81.25em){.has-page-skin .menu-user{flex-direction:row;margin-bottom:0}}.menu-user__avatar{border-radius:50%}.menu-user__avatar-fallback{font-size:0}.menu-user__avatar-fallback__svg{opacity:.6}.menu-user__avatar-fallback__svg,.menu-user__avatar{height:3.75rem;margin-bottom:0.25rem;margin-right:1.25rem;width:3.75rem}.menu-user__name{font-size:1.5rem;text-transform:none}@media (max-width: 61.24em){.nav-is-open{overflow:hidden;width:100%}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.nav-is-open{overflow-x:hidden}}.new-header{background-color:#005689;position:relative}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.new-header{display:block}}@media (min-width: 46.25em) and (min-width: 61.25em){.new-header{display:none}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.new-header.new-header--mvt-desktop{display:block}}@media (min-width: 81.25em){.has-page-skin .new-header .gs-container{width:61.25rem}}.new-header__inner:after,.new-header__inner:before{content:'';display:table}.new-header__inner:after{clear:both}@supports (display: flex){.new-header__inner{align-items:flex-start;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:0}}.new-header__cta-container{left:0.0625rem;overflow:hidden;padding-bottom:0.625rem;padding-left:0.25rem;padding-right:0.375rem;position:absolute;top:0}@media (min-width: 30em){.new-header__cta-container{left:0.375rem}}.new-header__logo{display:block;float:right}@supports (display: flex){.new-header__logo{display:flex;float:none;margin-left:auto}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.new-header__logo:focus{outline:none}}@media (min-width: 61.25em) and (max-width: 71.24em){.new-header--slim.new-header--open .new-header__logo{display:none}}.new-header__logo__svg{display:block;height:calc(3 / 16 * 10.625rem);margin-bottom:0.375rem;margin-right:0.625rem;margin-top:0.375rem;width:10.625rem}@media (min-width: 22.5em){.new-header__logo__svg{height:calc(3 / 16 * 14.0625rem);width:14.0625rem}}@media (min-width: 30em){.new-header__logo__svg{height:calc(3 / 16 * 16.25rem);margin-bottom:0;margin-right:1.25rem;width:16.25rem}}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.new-header__logo__svg{height:calc(3 / 16 * 21.5625rem);margin-bottom:-0.3125rem;width:21.5625rem}}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.new-header__logo__svg{height:calc(3 / 16 * 24.0625rem);margin-bottom:-0.0625rem;width:24.0625rem}}.new-header--slim .new-header__logo__svg{height:calc(3 / 16 * 9.6875rem);margin-right:1.25rem;margin-top:0.4375rem;width:9.6875rem}@media (min-width: 30em){.new-header--slim .new-header__logo__svg{margin-right:1.875rem}}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.new-header--slim .new-header__logo__svg{height:calc(3 / 16 * 10.625rem);margin-top:0.3125rem;width:10.625rem}}x:-o-prefocus,.new-header__cta-container{display:none}.pillars{clear:right;color:#aad8f1;font-size:0;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0 0.625rem;width:100%}@media (min-width: 30em){.pillars{padding-left:1.25rem;padding-right:1.25rem}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.new-header--open .pillars{z-index:1070}}.new-header--slim .pillars{width:auto;order:-1}@media (max-width: 46.24em){.new-header--slim .pillars{display:none}}.pillars__item{box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.pillars__item{min-width:0;padding-right:1.25rem;transition:min-width 200ms ease;will-change:min-width}.new-header--open .pillars__item{min-width:9.375rem}.new-header--open .pillars__item:not(:first-child){margin-left:0.625rem}}.pillars__item>*:after{content:'/';color:#4bc6df;display:inline-block;margin-left:-0.0625rem;margin-right:0.125rem;pointer-events:none}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.pillars__item>*:after{left:-0.83333rem;margin:0;position:absolute;top:0}}@media (max-width: 61.24em){.pillars__item:last-child>*:after{display:none}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.pillars__item:first-child>*:after{display:none}}.pillar-link{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375rem;font-family:"Guardian Text Sans Web","Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,"Lucida Grande",sans-serif;box-sizing:border-box;color:currentColor;cursor:pointer;display:block;font-size:16px;font-size:4.9vw;line-height:1.875rem;position:relative;transition:color 350ms}@media (min-width: 22.5em){.pillar-link{line-height:2.25rem}}@media (min-width: 30em){.pillar-link{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:2.625rem}}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.pillar-link{font-size:1.75rem;letter-spacing:-.04rem}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.pillar-link{font-size:2rem}}.pillar-link:focus,.pillar-link:hover{color:#ffffff;outline:none;text-decoration:none}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.new-header--slim .pillar-link{font-size:1.5rem}}.pillar-link--current-section{color:#ffffff}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.new-header--open .pillar-link--current-section{color:#aad8f1}.new-header--open .pillar-link--current-section:focus,.new-header--open .pillar-link--current-section:hover{color:#ffffff;text-decoration:none}}.pillar-link--current-section:before{content:'';position:absolute;left:50%;bottom:0;-ms-transform:translateX(-100%);transform:translateX(-100%);border-bottom:0.375rem solid #5c6268;border-left:0.375rem solid transparent;border-right:0.375rem solid transparent}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.new-header--open .pillar-link--current-section:before{display:none}}.subnav{background-color:#5c6268;color:#dcdcdc;max-height:2.55rem;overflow:hidden;padding:0.25rem 0.625rem}@media (min-width: 20em){.subnav{max-height:2.625rem;max-height:13vw}}@media (min-width: 30em){.subnav{padding:0.375rem 0}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.subnav{max-height:1.5rem}}.subnav:before{content:'';float:right;width:3.8125rem;height:0.0625rem}@media (min-width: 22.5em){.subnav:before{width:5.0625rem}}@media (min-width: 30em){.subnav:before{width:6.1875rem}}.subnav__list{line-height:1;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}@media (min-width: 30em){.subnav__list{padding-left:1.25rem;padding-right:1.25rem}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.subnav__list{padding-right:11.25rem}}.subnav__item{display:inline-block}.subnav__item:focus,.subnav__item:hover{color:#ffffff}@media (max-width: 46.24em){.subnav__item>*:after{content:'/';color:rgba(255,255,255,0.3);display:inline-block;font-size:1em;pointer-events:none;margin-left:-0.125rem;margin-right:-0.125rem}.subnav__item:last-child>*:after{content:''}}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.subnav__item>*:before{content:'/';color:rgba(255,255,255,0.3);display:inline-block;font-size:1em;pointer-events:none;margin-left:-0.125rem;margin-right:-0.125rem}.subnav__item:first-child>*:before{content:''}}.subnav-link{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375rem;font-family:"Guardian Text Sans Web","Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,"Lucida Grande",sans-serif;color:currentColor;display:inline-block;font-size:16px;font-size:4.9vw;line-height:1.3em}@media (min-width: 30em){.subnav-link{font-size:1.1875rem;max-height:3.6rem}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.subnav-link{margin-bottom:0.75rem}}.subnav-link:hover,.subnav-link:focus{text-decoration:none}.subnav-link--toggle-more{background:transparent;border:0;color:#bdbdbd;padding:0}.subnav-link--current-section{color:#ffffff}.veggie-burger{background-color:#4bc6df;bottom:-0.375rem;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.0625rem rgba(0,0,0,0.08);color:#ffffff;cursor:pointer;height:2.625rem;min-width:2.625rem;position:absolute;border:0;border-radius:50%;outline:none;right:1.8125rem;user-select:none;z-index:1}@media (min-width: 22.5em){.veggie-burger{height:3.375rem;width:3.375rem;right:2.3125rem}}@media (min-width: 30em){.veggie-burger{right:3.4375rem}}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.veggie-burger{right:4.6875rem}}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.veggie-burger{height:3.75rem;right:5rem;width:3.75rem}}.new-header--open .veggie-burger{z-index:1071}@media (max-width: 61.24em){.new-header--open .veggie-burger:before{border-radius:5.25rem 0 0 5.25rem;content:'';height:5.25rem;position:absolute;right:1.3125rem;top:-1.3125rem;width:2.625rem}}@media (max-width: 61.24em) and (min-width: 22.5em){.new-header--open .veggie-burger:before{height:6.75rem;width:3.375rem;top:-1.6875rem;right:1.6875rem;border-radius:6.75rem 0 0 6.75rem}}x:-o-prefocus .veggie-burger{display:none}.new-header--slim .veggie-burger{height:3.375rem;margin-bottom:-0.75rem;position:relative;right:0.625rem;top:-0.375rem;width:3.375rem}@media (min-width: 30em){.new-header--slim .veggie-burger{right:1.25rem}}.veggie-burger__label{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375rem;font-family:"Guardian Text Sans Web","Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,"Lucida Grande",sans-serif;bottom:-1.375rem;color:#ffffff;font-size:1.125rem;left:50%;position:absolute;text-align:center;text-transform:lowercase;-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%);width:8.75rem}@media (max-width: 61.24em){.veggie-burger__label{border:0 !important;clip:rect(0 0 0 0) !important;height:0.0625rem !important;margin:-0.0625rem !important;overflow:hidden !important;padding:0 !important;position:absolute !important;width:0.0625rem !important}}.new-header--open .veggie-burger__label{display:none}.veggie-burger__icon{top:50%;display:block;margin-top:-0.0625rem;left:0;right:0;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.veggie-burger__icon,.veggie-burger__icon:before,.veggie-burger__icon:after{background-color:currentColor;content:'';height:0.125rem;left:0;position:absolute;width:1.25rem}@media (min-width: 22.5em){.veggie-burger__icon,.veggie-burger__icon:before,.veggie-burger__icon:after{height:0.1875rem;width:1.625rem}}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.veggie-burger__icon,.veggie-burger__icon:before,.veggie-burger__icon:after{height:0.25rem;width:1.875rem}}.veggie-burger__icon:before{top:-0.3125rem}@media (min-width: 22.5em){.veggie-burger__icon:before{top:-0.4375rem}}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.veggie-burger__icon:before{top:-0.5rem}}.veggie-burger__icon:after{bottom:-0.3125rem}@media (min-width: 22.5em){.veggie-burger__icon:after{bottom:-0.4375rem}}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.veggie-burger__icon:after{bottom:-0.5rem}}.new-header--open .veggie-burger__icon{background-color:transparent}.new-header--open .veggie-burger__icon:before{top:0;-ms-transform:rotate(-45deg);transform:rotate(-45deg)}.new-header--open .veggie-burger__icon:after{bottom:0;-ms-transform:rotate(45deg);transform:rotate(45deg)}@media (max-width: 61.24em){.veggie-burger-fallback:checked ~ .menu{-ms-transform:translateX(0%);transform:translateX(0%);transition:transform 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1)}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.veggie-burger-fallback:checked ~ .menu{display:block}}@media (max-width: 61.24em){.veggie-burger-fallback:checked ~ .menu__overlay{opacity:1;width:100%}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.veggie-burger-fallback:checked ~ .pillars .pillars__item{min-width:9.375rem}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.veggie-burger-fallback:checked ~ .pillars .pillars__item:not(:first-child){margin-left:0.625rem}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.veggie-burger-fallback:checked ~ .pillars 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rgba(51,51,51,0.5));content:'';opacity:.7}.youtube-media-atom__bottom-bar__icon{float:left;height:100%;width:2.25rem}.youtube-media-atom__bottom-bar__icon .inline-video-icon__svg{fill:#fb0;width:1.1875rem;height:0.75rem;top:auto;bottom:0.625rem;left:0.625rem}.youtube-media-atom__bottom-bar__duration{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.875rem;font-family:"Guardian Text Sans Web","Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,"Lucida Grande",sans-serif;font-weight:bold;color:#fb0;float:left;-webkit-font-smoothing:subpixel-antialiased;padding-top:0.25rem;padding-left:0.5rem;text-shadow:0 0 1rem rgba(51,51,51,0.25)}.youtube-media-atom__bottom-bar__duration:before{content:'';width:0.0625rem;height:1rem;opacity:.5;position:absolute;left:2.25rem;background-color:#fb0;top:auto;bottom:0.5rem}.immersive-main-media__media .youtube-media-atom{padding-bottom:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;height:100%;z-index:0}.immersive-main-media__media .youtube-media-atom__immersive-interface{position:absolute;top:50vh;-ms-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%);padding-bottom:1.5rem}.immersive-main-media__media .youtube-media-atom__play-button,.immersive-main-media__media .youtube-media-atom__bottom-bar__duration{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;float:none;top:auto;left:auto;right:auto;bottom:auto}.immersive-main-media__media .youtube-media-atom__play-button{position:relative;width:5.75rem;height:5.75rem;-ms-transform:none;transform:none}.immersive-main-media__media .youtube-media-atom__play-button:hover{-ms-transform:none;transform:none}.immersive-main-media__media .youtube-media-atom__play-button:before{width:100%;height:100%;border-radius:100%}.immersive-main-media__media .youtube-media-atom__play-button:after{display:none}.immersive-main-media__media .youtube-media-atom__play-button 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